Squirrel Behaviour
- Jared Crawford
- 4 days ago
- 4 min read
Squirrel Behaviour: The Secret to Successful Grey Squirrel Pest Control in the UK

In UK parks, urban gardens, and woodlands, grey squirrels are a common sight. Despite their endearing appearance, humane, legal, and efficient pest treatment requires an understanding of their conduct.The species, habitats, behaviours, and behavioural patterns of grey squirrels that influence legal pest control methods in the UK are all covered in this extensive book.
Understand the Species and Habitats of Squirrels

Squirrel Types in the United Kingdom
Eastern Grey Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis): Non-native and invasive, the grey squirrel has become dominant across much of the UK, outcompeting the native red squirrel.
Red Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris): Native but now endangered, mainly due to competition and disease spread by grey squirrels.
Other Species: Flying squirrels, prairie dogs, and similar rodents are not found in the UK.
Where Do Squirrels Live?
Areas that provide food and shelter are ideal for grey squirrels, including:
Deciduous woodlands and mixed forests
Urban parks, rooftops, lofts, and gardens
Tree canopies, loft spaces, and chimneys (for nesting, known as “dreys”)
Did you know?
Both temporary and permanent dreys are constructed by grey squirrels, frequently in attic spaces or on high tree forks.
Important Patterns of Behaviour

Everyday Activities
Grey squirrels are active during the day since they are diurnal. Typical days for them consist of:
Early morning foraging
Midday resting
Late afternoon food storage and return to nests
Caching and Feeding
As opportunistic foragers, grey squirrels consume:
Nuts (acorns, hazelnuts)
Seeds, bark, fruit, fungi
Occasionally bird eggs and insects
For winter recovery, they store food in tree hollows or bury it in the ground.
Signals and Communication
Squirrels communicate using:
High-pitched alarm calls to warn of predators
Tail flicking to signal aggression, fear, or alertness
"The complexity of squirrel alarm cries is more than previously believed. They are able to convey direction, danger kind, and urgency. - Online Wildlife"
Mating and Social Behaviour
Largely solitary except during mating season
Dominance hierarchies influence territory and food access
Females raise young (called “kits” or “pups”) alone, usually in spring and summer
Why the UK Is Affected by Grey Squirrels?
Impact Area | Description |
Ecological |
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Economic |
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Structural Damage |
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Garden & Agricultural Damage |
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Wildlife Impact |
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Noise & Nuisance |
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Legal Aspects of Squirrel Management
The 2019 Invasive Alien Species (Enforcement and Permitting) Order includes grey squirrels on its list. In the United Kingdom:
Releasing a grey squirrel that has been trapped is against the law. Grey squirrels must be humanely released if they are caught.
It is highly advised to seek professional help to guarantee both compassionate treatment and legal compliance.
Source: BPCA: Grey Squirrel Control
Physical Characteristics and Urban Adjustments

Both urban and rural settings are suitable for grey squirrels:
Strong hind legs for jumping
Sharp claws for climbing
Constantly growing incisors for gnawing
Long, bushy tail for balance and warmth
Lofts and bird feeders are particularly appealing in urban areas since there is an abundance of food and nesting chances.
Intelligent, Behavior-Based Squirrel Management

Why Behaviour Matters
Effective squirrel control requires understanding:
When they are active: Daylight hours
Where they nest: High, quiet areas like lofts and trees
What they eat and hoard: Nuts, seeds, suet
This knowledge helps you plan strategic, humane, and legally compliant interventions.
Prevention Tips
Seal roof gaps and soffits larger than 25mm
Install metal mesh and exclusion devices
Prune overhanging tree limbs
Use squirrel-proof bird feeders
Keep gardens tidy to reduce attractants
DIY vs Professional Control
Method | Pros | Cons |
DIY Deterrents |
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Professional Pest Control |
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“Without addressing entry points and behaviour, squirrel control is a losing battle.” — BPCA Certified Technician
Facts About Squirrels: Frequently Asked Questions
How long do grey squirrels live?
Most wild grey squirrels live 2–4 years, though they can reach 10–12 years in ideal conditions.
Can squirrels swim?
Yes, grey squirrels can swim, using their tails for steering, though they generally avoid water.
What are baby squirrels called?
They are known as “kits” or “pups.”
Are squirrels nocturnal?
No, grey squirrels are diurnal and active during the day.
What is a group of squirrels called?
A group is called a “scurry” or “dray.”
How do I know if I have squirrels in my loft?
Look for gnawed timbers, rodent droppings, and daytime scratching noises.
Can I remove a squirrel myself in the UK?
You must comply with UK law: it is illegal to release a captured grey squirrel. Humane dispatch is required, and professional help is strongly advised.
What’s the best deterrent for garden squirrels?
Use capsaicin-based sprays, ultrasonic repellents, and squirrel-proof feeders.
Summary and Final Thoughts
Comprehending the behaviour of grey squirrels is essential for ethical, efficient, and lawful pest control in the UK. Understanding their social patterns, routines, and adaptability will help you take proactive measures to save native species, your garden, and your house.
For skilled, legally compliant assistance, get in touch with Apex Pest Control in South Yorkshire, a BPCA-certified and NPTA-registered pest control company.
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